Why Does Texas Have Such High Mesothelioma Rates?
This section examines the industrial factors that created widespread asbestos exposure across Texas, from Gulf Coast refineries to commercial shipyards.
Texas hosts massive petrochemical complexes along the Gulf Coast, with Houston, Beaumont-Port Arthur, and Corpus Christi serving as major refining centers. The 2017 CDC analysis of malignant mesothelioma deaths ranked petroleum refining as the second highest industry among 207 occupational categories. Miles of high-temperature pipelines, distillation towers, catalytic cracking units, and virtually every component handling hot materials required thermal insulation—nearly always containing asbestos from the 1940s through 1980s.
Corporate knowledge of asbestos dangers dates to the 1930s, yet oil companies continued installing asbestos throughout refinery infrastructure for decades. By 1937, the American Petroleum Institute warned of insulation dust hazards; by 1945, Shell Oil knew asbestos caused cancer. Despite this knowledge, refineries installed asbestos-containing materials while providing inadequate warnings to workers.
"The Gulf Coast petrochemical corridor represents one of the most concentrated areas of occupational asbestos exposure in the country. Workers at facilities from Houston to New Orleans faced decades of exposure, and we're still seeing new diagnoses emerge from those years of corporate negligence."
— Rod De Llano, Founding Partner, Danziger & De Llano
What Industries Caused the Most Texas Exposure?
Texas asbestos exposure occurred across multiple industries, with the highest concentrations in petrochemical refineries, shipbuilding and repair facilities, power generation plants, and construction trades. American shipyards employed millions of workers during the 20th century, with peak employment during World War II and the Cold War. Asbestos was used extensively in ship construction, repair, and overhaul operations, creating one of the largest occupational exposure cohorts in U.S. history.
High-Risk Texas Occupations:
Extreme Exposure:
Insulators/Laggers, Boilermakers, Pipefitters, Refinery Maintenance Workers
Very High Exposure:
Electricians, Machinists, Welders, Sheet Metal Workers
High Exposure:
Carpenters, Painters, Laborers, Construction Workers
Moderate Exposure:
Process Operators, Control Room Personnel, Supervisors
Workers in all shipyard trades faced exposure, but those in engine rooms, boiler spaces, and insulation work faced the highest concentrations—often exceeding safe limits by 100 times or more. Insulators specifically showed standardized mortality ratios of 3,029, meaning their mesothelioma death rate was 30 times higher than the general population.